Essex County lies in northern New Jersey, bordering New York City’s borough of Essex / Hudson region. Its county seat, Newark, is New Jersey’s largest city and an economic hub with its seaport, airport, and educational institutions like Rutgers-Newark. Surrounding suburbs such as Montclair, Maplewood, West Orange, and Livingston are known for tree-lined streets, colonial homes, and proximity to Manhattan via NJ Transit. The county’s history dates to the 1660s Puritan settlement of Newark; industrial and immigrant waves followed, shaping a diverse urban fabric. Today, Essex is urban to dense-suburban—Newark and East Orange form its core, while outer suburbs provide more greenery. Housing varies widely: Newark’s row houses and condos ($300 k – $500 k) contrast with Montclair’s turn-of-the-century colonials ($800 k – $1.5 M+) and Livingston’s newer executive homes ($1 M +). Building costs reflect dense zoning and labor prices—expect $275 – $400 per sq ft. Essex’s draw lies in cultural richness, transport links, and strong schools in its western suburbs, balanced by urban energy near NYC.